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<channel><title><![CDATA[Philadelphia Association of Black Journalists - PABJ Bylaws]]></title><link><![CDATA[https://www.thepabj.org/pabj-bylaws]]></link><description><![CDATA[PABJ Bylaws]]></description><pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 12:41:02 -0700</pubDate><generator>EditMySite</generator><item><title><![CDATA[BYLAWS FOR THE PHILADELPHIA ASSOCIATION OF BLACK JOURNALISTS]]></title><link><![CDATA[https://www.thepabj.org/pabj-bylaws/bylaws-for-the-philadelphia-association-of-black-journalists]]></link><comments><![CDATA[https://www.thepabj.org/pabj-bylaws/bylaws-for-the-philadelphia-association-of-black-journalists#comments]]></comments><pubDate>Wed, 16 Jun 2021 14:45:23 GMT</pubDate><category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thepabj.org/pabj-bylaws/bylaws-for-the-philadelphia-association-of-black-journalists</guid><description><![CDATA[THE PHILADELPHIA ASSOCIATION OF BLACK JOURNALISTSBYLAWS FOR PABJ&nbsp;Drafted and approved by the PABJ Bylaws committee: April 25, 2023Bylaws Committee Chair: Parliamentarian Tauhid ChappellApproved by Executive Board: May 16, 2023Approved by membership: June 13, 2023Updated by Executive Board: July 17, 202330 S 15th Street (15th Floor) &bull; Philadelphia, PA 19102 &bull; Email: pabj.info@gmail.com &bull;Web site: www.thepabj.orgBYLAWS FOR THE PHILADELPHIA ASSOCIATION OF BLACK JOURNALISTSARTICL [...] ]]></description><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="paragraph" style="text-align:center;"><font size="2">THE PHILADELPHIA ASSOCIATION OF BLACK JOURNALISTS<br />BYLAWS FOR PABJ&nbsp;<br />Drafted and approved by the PABJ Bylaws committee: April 25, 2023<br />Bylaws Committee Chair: Parliamentarian Tauhid Chappell<br />Approved by Executive Board: May 16, 2023<br />Approved by membership: June 13, 2023<br />Updated by Executive Board: July 17, 2023<br /><br />30 S 15th Street (15th Floor) &bull; Philadelphia, PA 19102 &bull; Email: pabj.info@gmail.com &bull;<br />Web site: www.thepabj.org</font><br /><br /><u><strong>BYLAWS FOR THE PHILADELPHIA ASSOCIATION OF BLACK JOURNALISTS</strong></u><br /><br /><br /><strong></strong><strong>ARTICLE I. Name.</strong><br /><br />Section 1. The name of the organization shall be Philadelphia Association of<br />Black Journalists Inc. (hereafter called the PABJ or the<br />organization), a Pennsylvania Nonprofit Corporation.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE II. Purpose.</strong><br /><br />Section 1. The purpose of the PABJ shall be the organizing of Black<br />journalists into a cohesive group that can:<br />(a) Advance the interests of Blacks in the media-related professions and<br />serve as role models and mentors for students interested in journalism and<br />communications.<br />(b) Strengthen ties among Black media professionals in all media.<br />(c) Eradicating anti-Black tropes, often undergirding reporting about Black<br />communities.<br />(d) Sponsor scholarships for students to ensure continued representation of<br />Blacks in the media.<br />(e) Assist Black media professionals in enhancing their skills.<br />(f) Assist the community in accessing the media through such activities as<br />workshops and community forums.<br /><br />(g) Provide a job bank for Black media.<br />(h) Do other activities not prohibited to nonprofit corporations by Section<br />501 (c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, and the rulings and<br />regulations thereunder.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE III. Membership<br />Eligibility.</strong><br /><br />Section 1. Full membership shall be open to:<br />(a) Working journalists, i.e., those individuals in the broadcast,<br />print and online media whose principal function(s) is the<br />gathering and dissemination of news. This category includes<br />reporters, editors, newsroom managers, news producers,<br />camera persons, photographers, columnists, editorial writers,<br />new media and social reporters, editors and specialists,<br />news artists and cartoonists who produce, gather,<br />disseminate and distribute news and who work for<br />newspapers, television and radio stations, magazines, online<br />news media or wire services.<br /><br />(b) Freelance journalists who derive a majority of their income<br />from freelancing.<br />(c) Journalists with at least five (5) years of experience who<br />have moved to positions that are related to journalism, but do<br />not fit in Section 1 (a) or (b). These positions include:<br />professors, heads of journalistic think tanks such as Poynter,<br />documentary filmmakers and independent producers whose<br />product relate to news and/or journalism (e.g., documentaries<br />focus on newsworthy, cultural or historical topics in an<br />objective and/or journalistic way) and columnists who produce<br />journalistic product on a regular basis (at least weekly).<br /><br />Section 2. Associate membership shall be open to:<br />(a) persons employed in a media-related profession, college or<br />university professors, those who have worked and left the<br />journalism field, those that identify as a media maker who<br />produce content on a volunteer basis , and those who do not<br />qualify for full membership under Article III, Section 1.<br /><br />Members in this category are eligible to<br />vote on all PABJ matters and serve in appointed offices.<br />Associate members may also serve in elected positions in<br />the PABJ, with the exception of the offices of president and<br />vice president-print and vice president- broadcast as<br />specified in Article VI, Section 1 and Section 2.<br /><br />Section 3. Student membership shall be open to:<br />(a) any person who currently is a full-time student<br />at a greater Philadelphia-area high school or an<br />accredited college or university who is either majoring<br />in print or broadcast journalism or has expressed an<br />interest in pursuing a journalism career. These<br />members have no voting powers, but may serve in<br />appointed positions in the organization, except where<br />prohibited by these bylaws.<br /><br />Section 4. Lifetime membership shall be open to:<br />(a) any person who is a media professional that is currently active or retired<br />Full and associate members are eligible for a lifetime membership if they pay the<br />organization a one-time $1,000 fee and are formally approved by the PABJ Executive<br />Board. Lifetime membership grants those eligible with a never-ending PABJ<br />membership status and free entry to all PABJ official events, including the annual gala.<br />Such benefits are non-transferable and non-refundable. Lifetime membership status is<br />automatically guaranteed, free of charge, to PABJ Founders. PABJ presidents, past<br />and present, are also guaranteed lifetime membership status, free of charge, if they<br />complete a full term in good standing. PABJ Lifetime Achievement award recipients<br />and longtime PABJ veteran members may be considered for a lifetime membership,<br />free of charge, if approved and voted on by a majority of the PABJ Executive Board.<br />Lifetime members are granted voting powers and the ability to run for election if their<br />employment status falls within Sections 1 and 2. No student journalists are eligible to<br />apply for a lifetime membership.<br />Section 5. All membership applications will be subject to the review of the<br />membership committee or Executive Board as specified in<br />Article V, Section 3.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE IV. Meetings.</strong><br /><br />Section 1. A quorum shall be established at the beginning of each meeting,<br /><br />whether it is in person or virtual. A quorum for a meeting is the majority, as<br />in more than half, of dues-paid members present at a designated meeting.<br />Section. 2 Regular meetings. Meetings of the membership shall be held<br />once monthly at such times and places as shall be designated by the<br />Executive Board. Robert&rsquo;s Rules of Order shall apply during all general<br />membership meetings, committee meetings and Executive Board meetings.<br />The meeting will be led by the president, vice president(s) or a<br />designated Executive Board member as designated by the president.<br />Section 2. Notice of meetings. Written notice stating the place, day and time of<br />all meetings and the purpose for which the meeting is called shall be delivered<br />by the secretary to each member not less than ten (10) business days prior to<br />any meeting.<br />Notice of all special meetings of the Board of Directors (and of all regular meetings<br />other than the annual meetings to be held at the place and time designated in<br />Section 3.5) shall be given to each director by three (3) days prior service of the<br />same by phone, email, fax, by letter, or personally. Such notice need not specify<br />the business to be transacted at, or the purpose of the meeting.<br />A director waives notice of a regular or special meeting by attending or<br />participating in the meeting unless, at the beginning of the meeting, he objects to<br />the holding of the meeting or transaction of business at the meeting.<br /><br />Section 3. Submission of agenda items. Every PABJ meeting shall have an<br />agenda prepared by the president. Any PABJ member may<br />submit a proposal, resolution or other item to be included on<br />a meeting agenda. Such information should be submitted in<br />writing to the secretary no less than five (5) business days<br />prior to the next general meeting. All proposals shall be<br />reviewed by the Executive Board.<br />If an author is unable to attend the general meeting, the<br />president shall announce the proposal or resolution and make<br />a recommendation from the Executive Board. If a vote is<br />required, a quorum of a majority of the eligible members.<br />Section 4. Voting on issues. Except for the election of officers, a simple majority<br />vote of dues-paid PABJ members present during a general<br />membership meeting is necessary to approve any such issues,<br />resolutions or bills. If a quorum is not present the issues in<br />question may be decided by a vote of the majority of dues-paid<br />members present or voted by the majority of dues-paid<br />members present to postpone until another general meeting in<br />which a quorum is present.<br />ARTICLE V. Fiscal Year and Dues.<br /><br />Section 1. The fiscal year shall be from Jan. 1 to Dec. 31 of each calendar<br />year.<br />Section 2. The Executive Board shall set the membership dues with approval of<br />a majority of voting members at a given membership meeting.<br />Section 3. Payment of dues. Membership dues are good for a full year. Annual<br />dues payment covers membership for a year from the date of<br />payment. Memberships not renewed or paid one year after the<br />date of previous dues payment will be discontinued. During<br />election years, dues must be paid by October 1 in order to be in<br />good standing to vote.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE VI. Composition Of Officers.</strong><br /><br />Section 1. The offices of the association shall be president, vice president-print,<br />vice president-broadcast, vice president-digital, secretary,<br />treasurer and parliamentarian. The Board may have an<br />appointed position of a past PABJ president or vice president<br />made by the current PABJ president, at their discretion. The<br />term of this position will follow the same term as the current<br />president. Such positions shall constitute the Executive Board<br />and all of whom may vote on Executive Board matters. The<br />PABJ&rsquo;s board of directors will have no less than 3, and no<br />more than 11, total board members.<br /><br />Section 2. President. The president or their designate shall preside over all<br />meetings of the PABJ membership and the Executive Board and shall have<br />the responsibility to ensure that all decisions of the Executive Board and<br />membership are carried out. The president shall prepare an agenda for<br />every PABJ meeting. The president, or designated vice president in the<br />president&rsquo;s absence, shall act as the organization's official spokesperson.<br />Section 3. Vice President. A designated vice president shall act in the<br /><br />president&rsquo;s stead when the president is unable to perform their duties. The vice<br />president(s) shall oversee and support committee assignments, projects and<br />needs as designated by the Executive Board and committee chairpersons.<br />Section 4. Secretary. The secretary shall have the responsibility of keeping<br />minutes of all PABJ membership and Executive Board<br />meetings, and ensure a proper file is maintained of all PABJ<br />membership lists, correspondences and actions taken by the<br />membership and the Executive Board. The secretary shall also<br />be responsible for making sure that all meeting notices are sent<br />out ten (10) business days prior to every PABJ meeting and<br />Executive Board meeting. A deputy secretary who is a member<br />in good standing, may be appointed by the president or majority<br />vote of the Executive Board.<br /><br />Section 5. Treasurer. The treasurer shall have the responsibility of maintaining a<br />complete financial record of all monies received and/or<br />expended by the PABJ. The treasurer must be bonded upon<br />taking office by a certified bonding firm. No checks will be<br />issued without the signature of the treasurer and president.<br />The treasurer shall also have the responsibility of making sure<br />members' dues are up to date.<br /><br />The treasurer shall make monthly financial statements to the<br />membership showing the disposition of PABJ monies, ensure<br />that scholarship funds are maintained separate from the<br />general fund and that all funds<br />are invested to earn the maximum benefit to the organization.<br />The treasurer shall notify members whose dues or other<br />outstanding obligations to the organization have not been paid<br />that they cannot participate in any PABJ deliberations or vote<br />on membership issue spending full payment of the dues. A<br />deputy treasurer who is a member in good standing, may be<br />appointed by the president or majority vote of the Executive<br />Board to aid the treasurer in designated administration work as<br /><br />designated by the treasurer. This designated deputy will not<br />have the ability to sign off on, or issue, checks in place of the<br />Treasurer.<br /><br />(a) The treasurer shall automatically serve as chairperson of<br />the Finance/Fundraising Committee.<br /><br />Section 6. Parliamentarian. The parliamentarian shall be the chief interpreter<br />of Robert&rsquo;s Rules of Order and the PABJ governance<br />documents and shall serve as sergeant-at-arms during<br />monthly meetings and at Executive Board meetings when<br />needed.<br /><br />(a) The parliamentarian shall serve as chairperson of the<br />Nominations Committee. If the parliamentarian is seeking elected<br />office, the president shall appoint a Nominations Committee<br />chairperson.<br /><br />(a) The parliamentarian shall serve as chairperson of the<br />Bylaws Committee.<br />Section 7. Immediate Past President. The immediate past president shall serve<br />as a historical link for the organization and perform duties as assigned by the<br />president and Executive Board.<br /><br />Section 8. Board Members At Large.<br />The Board, by majority vote of the Board, may elect to nominate and designate<br />up to 4 Board Members At Large and may designate at-large members with any<br />necessary responsibilities or tasks as deemed needed by the Board. At-large<br />members will have voting rights while on the Board and will hold these positions<br />until removal or until the next election of the PABJ Board.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE VII. Duties of the Executive<br />Board.</strong><br /><br />Section 1. The Executive Board shall be composed of the president, vice<br />president-print, vice president-broadcast, secretary, treasurer,<br />parliamentarian and immediate past president.<br /><br />Section 2. The Executive Board will meet prior to each membership meeting to<br />map out plans and ideas for the full body to follow or act upon<br />once a quorum to meet has been sufficiently established. A<br />quorum shall consist of the majority of membership of the<br />board. Notice for Executive Board meetings related to general<br />membership meetings shall come from the president at least<br />five (5) business days prior to the meeting. Every PABJ general<br />membership meeting shall have an agenda prepared by the<br />Executive Board. The general membership meeting will be led<br />by the president, vice president(s) or one of the remaining<br />Executive Board members as designated by the president. A<br />special meeting may be called by the president or a majority of<br />the Executive Board. A majority of the Executive Board<br />constitutes a quorum.<br /><br />Section 3. Any Executive Board member may request an Executive Board meeting.<br />A board member must send out a notice of request to all board members through a<br />digital medium for a meeting and state the purpose of the meeting, with suggested<br />agenda items at least five (5) business days prior to any proposed date of meeting.<br />A majority of the board must confirm the meeting. The secretary must provide<br />meeting minutes to all board members.<br />In case of time-sensitive manners, an Executive Board member may request an<br />emergency meeting at least two (2) business days prior to any proposed date of<br />meeting. A board member must send out a notice of request to all board members<br />through a digital medium for a meeting. A majority of the board must confirm the<br />meeting.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE VIII. Succession, Resignation, Removal of Office.</strong><br /><br />Section 1. Succession. If the president cannot or does not complete their term<br />of office, the Executive Board shall appoint a vice president to assume office<br />for the remainder of the term. The Executive Board shall then appoint a<br />member of the Executive Board or a dues-paid PABJ member in good standing<br />to serve as an interim vice president. If the selected member cannot, or does<br />not wish to, serve, the Executive Board will repeat the process until the<br />vacancy is filled.<br />If a vacancy occurs in any other elected or appointed office, the president shall<br />recommend any dues-paid PABJ member or board member in good standing,<br />subject to approval by the Executive Board. If the selected member cannot, or<br />does not wish to, serve, the Executive Board will repeat the process until the<br />vacancy is filled.<br /><br />Section 2. Resignations. Any officer may resign at any time by delivering a<br />Written or digital resignation to the Executive Board, the<br />PABJ president or the secretary of the PABJ. Such<br />resignations shall be effective upon receipt, unless otherwise<br />specified in the letter of resignation.<br /><br />Section 3. Removal. An Officer may be removed by an affirmative vote of<br />two-thirds (2/3) of all eligible dues-paid members of the Board for any of the<br />following reasons:<br />&#9679; Failure to perform his duties as a Board member;<br />&#9679; Has been judicially declared of unsound mind or who has been convicted of an<br />offense punishable by imprisonment for a term of more than one year;<br />&#9679; Missing more than three (3) consecutive meetings in one fiscal year without<br />reasonable justification;<br />&#9679; Violating any of the obligations set forth in the Pennsylvania Corporation Law of<br />1988 (hereinafter referred to as &ldquo;Act&rdquo;); or<br />&#9679; Any officer or agent may be removed by the Board when in its best judgment<br />the best interest of the corporation will be served.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE IX. Eligibility for Office and Term of<br />Office.<br /></strong><br />Section 1. Eligibility for president and vice presidents. Those members seeking<br />the offices of president and vice president(s) must be full<br />PABJ members in good standing. Only paid PABJ<br />members as of Oct. 1 can be eligible for office.<br /><br />Section 2. Eligibility for secretary, treasurer and parliamentarian. Those<br />members seeking the offices of secretary, treasurer and<br />parliamentarian must be in good standing with PABJ. Associate<br />members may run for the secretary, treasurer and parliamentarian<br />positions in PABJ. Associate members are not eligible to run or hold<br />the offices of president or vice president(s).<br />Section 3. Student members are not eligible to hold any PABJ office.<br />Section 4. Term of office.All Executive Board members must maintain good<br />membership standing within PABJ for the duration of their term.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE X.<br />Elections.</strong><br /><br />Section 1. Election of PABJ officers will be held biennially in December.<br />Candidates shall be nominated by a Nominations Committee. Only paid full and<br />associate PABJ members as of Oct. 1 may be eligible for nomination of the Board or<br />vote in the election. All other election rules shall be set by a Nominations Committee,<br />or the Executive Board, in the absence of such a committee. The Nomination<br />Committee shall consist of members not running for elected office.<br /><br />Section 2. Nominations Committee<br />A Nominations Committee, created by the Board, shall set and enforce the<br />nomination and election rules. Grievances surrounding the election process must be<br />submitted to the Nominations Committee, who will determine any consideration or<br />ruling on a case-by-case basis. All rulings set by the Nominations Committee shall<br />be deemed final.<br /><br />Section 3.<br />A ballot vote shall be taken physically or digitally during the December<br />meeting at a time and place designated by the Nominations Committee or<br />Executive Board. A member may only use one method. Only eligible<br />members, as described in Article III Section 1 and Section 2, of record as<br />of Oct. 1, shall be eligible to cast ballots. Once the Board members are<br />elected, the new Board shall select its officers.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE XI.<br />Committees.</strong><br /><br />Section 1. Standing committees. The president shall appoint chairpersons<br />of seven (7) standing committees: Media Monitoring/Issues, Membership,<br />Programs, Scholarship, Bylaws, Elections and Finance/Fund raising. The<br />duties of each such committee shall be determined by the president and the<br />Executive Board. Committee chairs are to submit monthly written reports at<br />the time of the membership meetings. The president shall appoint<br />committee chairs by March 1, following an election. Committee chairs shall<br />serve two- year terms. The president shall be an ex-officio officer of each<br />committee except the Elections committee. Committee chairs can be<br />replaced by the president or members of the Executive Board.<br />Section 2. Ad-hoc committee. The president and/or the Executive Board may by<br />resolution passed by a majority of the Executive Board designate one or more<br />temporary committees, with each committee consisting of two or more members.<br />The Executive Board may designate one or more of its directors as alternate<br />members of any committee to replace any absentee or disqualified member.<br />Each such committee will exercise only those powers specified by the Executive<br />Board in its formulation. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its<br />meetings and report the same to the Executive Board, and shall terminate upon<br />completion of its assigned purpose.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE XII.<br />Finances/Contracts.</strong><br /><br />Section 1. Deposit of Funds. All funds of the organization not otherwise<br />employed shall be deposited in such banks and trust<br />companies as the treasurer, with the recommendations and<br />approval of the Executive Board. Such funds shall be handled<br />in accordance with IRS regulations and state laws governing<br />the activities of the PABJ.<br /><br />Section 2. Compensation. Any member, director or officer of the PABJ is<br />authorized to receive reasonable compensation from the organization for<br />services/expenses rendered to the PABJ, when authorized by the Executive<br />Board. No member or officer of the PABJ shall receive compensation merely for<br />acting as a member or an officer.<br />No stated salary shall be paid to directors, as such, for their service, but by<br />resolution of the Board of Directors, reimbursement , including travel expenses<br />to meetings or other expenses, if any, may be allowed for attendance at each<br />regular or special meeting of such Board; provided, that nothing herein<br />contained shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the<br />corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation, therefore.<br />Section 3. Contracts with members and officers. No member or officer of the<br />PABJ shall be interested, directly or indirectly, in any contract<br />relating to the operations conducted by it, nor in any contract<br />for<br />furnishing services or supplies, unless such contracts shall be<br />authorized by the Executive Board and unless the fact of such<br />interest shall have been disclosed or known to the Executive<br />Board at the meeting at which such contract is authorized.<br />Section 4. Indebtedness. All contracts for services rendered to the PABJ shall<br />be paid promptly upon approval of such expenditures by the Executive Board<br />and/or membership.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE XIII &ndash; Indemnification of Officers, Directors, Employees &amp; Agents</strong><br />13.1 Representative Defined . For purposes of this Article, &ldquo;representative&rdquo; means<br />the Member and any Director or officer or employee of the Corporation.<br /><br />13.2. Third-Party Actions . The Corporation shall indemnify any representative who<br />was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending<br />or completed action or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or<br />investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Corporation), by<br />reason of the fact that he or she is or was a representative of the Corporation,<br />or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director or officer of<br />another domestic or foreign corporation for profit or not-for-profit, partnership,<br />joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys&rsquo;<br />fees), judgments, fines, and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably<br />incurred by him or her in connection with the action or proceeding if he or she<br />acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in, or<br />not opposed to, the best interests of the Corporation and, with respect to any<br />criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was<br />unlawful. The termination of any action or proceeding by judgment, order,<br />settlement, or conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent<br />shall not of itself create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith<br />and in a manner that he or she reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to,<br />the best interests of the Corporation and, with respect to any criminal<br />proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that their conduct was unlawful.<br /><br />13.3 Derivative and Corporate Actions . The Corporation shall indemnify any<br />representative who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any<br />threatened, pending or completed action by or in the right of the Corporation to<br />procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a<br />representative of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the<br />Corporation as a director or officer of another domestic or foreign corporation<br />for profit or not-for-profit, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise,<br />against expenses (including attorneys&rsquo; fees) actually and reasonably incurred<br />by him or her in connection with the defense or settlement of the action if he or<br />she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in,<br />or not opposed to, the best interests of the Corporation. Indemnification shall<br />not be made under this Section 9.3 in respect of any claim, issue or matter as<br />to which the person has been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless<br />and only to the extent that the court of common pleas of the judicial district<br />embracing the county in which the registered office of the Corporation is located<br />or the court in which the action was brought determines upon application that,<br />despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the<br />case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such<br />expenses that the court of common pleas or other court shall deem proper.<br /><br />13.4 Procedure for Effecting Indemnification . Unless ordered by a court, any<br />indemnification under Section 9.2 or Section 9.3 shall be made by the<br />Corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that<br />indemnification of the representative is proper in the circumstances because he<br />or she has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in those Sections.<br /><br />The determination shall be made:<br />(a) By the Board by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of Directors who<br />were not parties to the action or proceeding; or<br />(b) If such a quorum is not obtainable, or if obtainable and a majority vote of<br />a quorum of disinterested Directors so directs, by independent legal counsel in<br />a written opinion.<br /><br />13.5. Advancing Expenses . The Corporation shall pay expenses (including<br />attorneys&rsquo; fees) incurred in defending any action or proceeding referred to in<br />Section 9.2 in advance of the final disposition of the action or proceeding upon<br />receipt of any undertaking by or on behalf of the representative to repay the<br />amount if it is ultimately determined that he or she is not entitled to be<br />indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this Article or otherwise.<br /><br />13.6 Supplementary Coverage . The indemnification and advancement of expenses<br />provided by or granted pursuant to this Article shall not be deemed exclusive of<br />any other rights to which a person seeking indemnification or advancement of<br />expenses may be entitled under the Act, or any agreement, vote of<br />disinterested Directors, or otherwise, both as to action in their official capacity<br />and as to action in another capacity while holding that office. Article 10 (relating<br />to conflicts of interest) shall be applicable to any bylaw, contract, or transaction<br />authorized by the Directors under this Section 9.6. However, no indemnification<br />may be made by the Corporation under this Article 9 or otherwise to or on<br />behalf of any person to the extent that:<br />(a) The act or failure to act giving rise to the claim for indemnification is<br />determined by a court to have constituted self-dealing, willful misconduct, or<br />recklessness; or<br />(b) The Board determines that under the circumstances indemnification<br />would constitute an excess benefit transaction under Section 4958 of the<br />Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or its successor (the &ldquo;Code&rdquo;) or an act of<br />self-dealing under Section 4941 of the Code, if applicable.<br /><br />13.7 Duration and Extent of Coverage . The indemnification and advancement of<br />expenses provided by or granted pursuant to this Article shall, unless otherwise<br />provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased<br />to be a representative of the Corporation and shall inure to the benefit of the<br />heirs and personal representatives of that person.<br /><br />13.8 Reliance and Modification . Each person who shall act as a representative of<br />the Corporation shall be deemed to be doing so in reliance upon the rights provided by this Article. The duties of the Corporation to indemnify and to<br />advance expenses to a representative provided in this Article shall be in the<br />nature of a contract between the Corporation and the representative. No<br />amendment or repeal of any provision of this Article shall alter, to the detriment<br />of the representative, their right to the advance of expenses or indemnification<br />related to a claim based on an act or failure to act which took place prior to<br />such amendment or repeal.<br /><br />13.9 Insurance . The Corporation shall purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of<br />any person who is or was a Director or officer of the Corporation or is or was<br />serving at the request of the Corporation as a director or officer of another<br />domestic or foreign corporation for profit or not-for-profit, partnership, joint<br />venture, trust, or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him or<br />her and incurred by him or her in any such capacity, or arising out of their status<br />as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify him<br />or her against that liability under the Act. The Corporation&rsquo;s payment of<br />premiums with respect to such insurance coverage shall be provided primarily<br />for the benefit of the Corporation. To the extent that such insurance coverage<br />provides a benefit to the insured person, the Corporation&rsquo;s payment of<br />premiums with respect to such insurance shall be provided in exchange for the<br />services rendered by the insured person and in a manner so as not to<br />constitute an excess benefit transaction under Section 4958 of the Code or an<br />act of self-dealing under Section 4941 of the Code, if applicable.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE XIV &ndash; Conflicting Interest Transactions</strong><br /><br />The Corporation shall separately adopt a conflict-of-interest policy and distribute<br />annual disclosure forms for the purpose of screening conflicts. It is the policy of the<br />Corporation that no contract or transaction between the Corporation and one or more<br />of its Directors or officers, or between the Corporation and any &ldquo;interested&rdquo; entity shall<br />be authorized or entered into unless the material facts as to the interest and as to the<br />contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the Board of Directors, and the<br />Board in good faith authorizes the contract or transaction by an affirmative vote of a<br />majority of the Directors other than the interested Director(s) of the Corporation. An<br />&ldquo;interested&rdquo; entity includes any entity (a) in which one or more of the Directors or<br />officers of the Corporation (i) are directors or officers, or (ii) have a financial interest, or<br />(b) in which any Director or officer of the Corporation has any other conflict of interest.<br />Interested Directors may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a<br />meeting of the Board which authorizes the contract or transaction.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE XV &ndash; Books and Records</strong><br /><br />The corporation shall keep correct and complete books and records of account and<br />shall keep minutes of the proceedings of its Board of Directors; and shall keep at its<br />registered office or principal place of business, or at the office of its transfer agent or<br />registrar, a record of its directors, giving the names and addresses of all directors.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE XVI &ndash; Amendments</strong><br /><br />The Board of Directors shall have power to make, alter, amend, and repeal the Bylaws<br />of this corporation; provided, that the Board will not approve any such alterations,<br />amendment, or repeal that would adversely impact the rights of any class of directors<br />unless such alterations, amendment, or repeal shall first have received the approval of<br />two-thirds (2/3) of the directors then in office .<br />The Bylaws Committee will annually review the bylaws.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE XVII &ndash; Dissolution</strong><br /><br />Said organization is organized exclusively for "charitable, religious, educational,<br />and scientific purposes, including, for such purposes, the making of distributions<br />to organizations that qualify as exempt organizations under section 501(c)(3) the<br />Internal Revenue Code, or corresponding section of any future federal tax code.<br />The property of this corporation is irrevocably dedicated to non-profit charitable<br />purposes and no part of the net income or assets of this corporation shall ever insure<br />to the benefit of any director, office or member thereof, or to the benefit of any private<br />person. Upon the dissolution or winding up of the corporation, its assets remaining<br />after payment, or provision for payment, of all debts and liabilities of the corporation,<br />which is organized and operated exclusively for non-profit purposes and which has<br />established its tax-exempt status under Section 501 (c)(3) of the Internal Revenue<br />Code, shall be distributed or given to other non-profit organizations as directed by the<br />Board.<br /><br /><strong>Article XVIII Establishing Parliamentary Authority</strong><br /><br />In all matters not provided for in PABJ Bylaws and Operating Procedures shall be<br />governed by the latest version of Robert&rsquo;s Rules of Order, Newly Revised.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE XV. Amendments to the<br />Bylaws.</strong><br /><br />Section 1. Proposed amendments to the PABJ bylaws must be submitted<br />in writing to the Executive Board for review and for determination of<br />appropriateness. The Executive Board will then offer the proposed<br /><br />amendment(s) to the membership during a monthly meeting. A two-<br />thirds vote from the membership present at the meeting, as described in<br /><br />Article III Section 1 and Section 2, constitutes approval of the proposed<br />amendment(s). The amendments become effective immediately, unless<br />otherwise specified.<br /><br /><strong>ARTICLE XIX.</strong><br />Compliance.<br /><br />Section 1. These bylaws shall be in compliance with any federal, state or local<br />laws that govern the transaction of PABJ<br />business.</div>]]></content:encoded></item></channel></rss>